Table 1 Description of baseline characteristics according to 180-day outcome
From: Prognostic value of respiratory compliance course on mortality in COVID-19 patients with vv-ECMO
Variable | N | Total population | N | Survivors | N | Non-survivors | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | |||||||
Age (years) | 122 | 59 (52–64) | 64 | 56 (46–62) | 58 | 62 (58–66) | < 0.0001 |
Male gender (%) | 122 | 83 (68%) | 64 | 41 (64%) | 58 | 42 (72%) | 0.32 |
Body mass index (Kg/m2) | 122 | 33 (28–37) | 64 | 34 (29–40) | 58 | 32 (27–36) | 0.13 |
Medical history | |||||||
Hypertension | 122 | 60 (49%) | 64 | 31 (48%) | 58 | 29 (50%) | 0.86 |
Diabetes mellitus | 122 | 30 (25%) | 64 | 12 (19%) | 58 | 18 (31%) | 0.12 |
Cardiac disease | 122 | 11 (9%) | 64 | 5 (8%) | 58 | 6 (10%) | 0.63 |
Lung disease | 122 | 29 (24%) | 64 | 11 (17%) | 58 | 18 (31%) | 0.073 |
Renal disease | 122 | 10 (8%) | 64 | 6 (9%) | 58 | 4 (7%) | 0.75 |
Immunosuppression | 122 | 15 (12%) | 64 | 8 (12%) | 58 | 7 (12%) | 0.94 |
Wave of pandemic | 122 | 64 | 58 | 0.009 | |||
Wave 1 | 23 (19%) | 19 (30%) | 4 (7%) | ||||
Wave 2 | 25 (20%) | 9 (14%) | 16 (28%) | ||||
Wave 3 | 53 (43%) | 25 (39%) | 28 (48%) | ||||
Wave 4 | 21 (17%) | 11 (17%) | 10 (17%) | ||||
Pre ECMO period | |||||||
SAPS2 score | 122 | 43 (34–55) | 64 | 42 (32–54) | 58 | 43 (35–58) | 0.27 |
Delay between first symptoms to ECMO (days) | 109 | 16 (10–21) | 62 | 13 (9—20) | 47 | 17 (11–22) | 0.070 |
Length of invasive mechanical ventilation (days) | 122 | 4 (1–9) | 64 | 3 (1–6) | 58 | 6 (2–10) | 0.011 |
Corticosteroids for COVID-19 | 122 | 85 (70%) | 64 | 37 (58%) | 58 | 48 (83%) | 0.003 |
Corticosteroids for prolonged ARDS | 122 | 82 (67%) | 64 | 36 (56%) | 58 | 46 (79%) | 0.007 |
Tocilizumab for COVID-19 | 122 | 16 (13%) | 64 | 6 (9%) | 58 | 10 (17%) | 0.20 |
Prone positioning | 122 | 117 (96%) | 64 | 60 (94%) | 58 | 57 (98%) | 0.37 |
Mobile ECMO assistance | 122 | 67 (55%) | 64 | 34 (53%) | 58 | 33 (57%) | 0.68 |
Ventilator acquired pneumonia | 122 | 72 (59%) | 64 | 31 (48%) | 58 | 41 (71%) | 0.013 |
Day 1 parameters | |||||||
Lactate (mmol/l) | 119 | 1.4 (1.0–2.1) | 64 | 1.4 (0.9–1.8) | 55 | 1.5 (1.1–2.6) | 0.24 |
PaO2/FiO2 | 122 | 134 (93–175) | 64 | 138 (108–163) | 58 | 124 (91–182) | 0.55 |
Respiratory rate (c/min) | 119 | 12 (10–15) | 64 | 12 (10–15) | 55 | 12 (10–12) | 0.14 |
Tidal volume (mL/kg) | 119 | 2.8 (2.0–3.5) | 64 | 3.0 (2.4–3.8) | 55 | 2.3 (1.8–3.2) | 0.001 |
Static respiratory compliance (mL/cmH2O) | 116 | 15 (10–22) | 61 | 18 (12–25) | 55 | 12 (9–20) | 0.006 |
Plateau pressure (cmH2O) | 114 | 24 (22–26) | 60 | 24 (22–26) | 54 | 25 (22–27) | 0.49 |
PEEP (cmH2O) | 121 | 12 (10–15) | 64 | 12 (10–15) | 57 | 12 (10–14) | 0.53 |
Driving pressure (cmH2O) | 114 | 12 (10–15) | 60 | 12 (10–14) | 54 | 12 (9–15) | 0.46 |
Outcomes | |||||||
ECMO duration (days) | 122 | 20 (11–30) | 64 | 13 (9–22) | 58 | 28 (19–33) | < 0.0001 |
Invasive mechanical ventilation duration (days) | 122 | 33 (23–50) | 64 | 30 (21–50) | 58 | 38 (26–50) | 0.17 |
Vasopressors (day one to day ten, yes/no) | 122 | 83 (68%) | 64 | 40 (62%) | 58 | 43 (74%) | 0.17 |
Number of days on vasopressors (day one to 10) 1 o | 100 | 1 (0–4) | 51 | 1 (0–4) | 49 | 2 (0–3) | 0.35 |
In-ICU length of stay (days) | 122 | 38 (27–52) | 64 | 37 (27–58) | 58 | 39 (28–49) | 0.81 |
Six-month deaths | 122 | 58 (48%) | 64 | 0 (0%) | 58 | 58 (100%) | < 0.0001 |