Table 3 Myocardial biopsies characteristics and complications
Variables | n = 47 |
|---|---|
Biopsy characteristics | |
Time from ICU admission to biopsy, days | 6 [3–11] |
Endomyocardial biopsy | 8 [5–11] |
Surgical biopsy | 5 [2–10] |
Time from first MCS to biopsy, days | 5 [2–10] |
Endomyocardial biopsy | 17 (36) |
Surgical biopsy | 30 (64) |
VAD implantation | 12/30 (40) |
VA-ECMO centralization | 16/30 (53) |
Biopsy siteb | n = 28 |
Left ventriclec | 19/28 (68) |
Right ventricled | 7/28 (25) |
Both ventriclese | 2/28 (7) |
Organ-failures on biopsy-day | |
Inotropes/vasopressors | 45 (96) |
VA-ECMO | 42 (89) |
Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation | 22 (47) |
IMPELLA® device | 2 (4) |
VAD surgery | 5 (11) |
Mechanical ventilation | 35 (74) |
Renal replacement therapy | 14 (30) |
Hemostasis findings on biopsy-day | |
Antiplatelet agent | 2 (4) |
No interruption before biopsy | 2/2 (100) |
Anticoagulation | 41 (87) |
Unfractionned heparin | 40/41 (98) |
Dose, 103 UI/day | 15 [10–24] |
Interruption before biopsy | 38/41 (93) |
Duration of interruption before biopsy, hours | 1 [1–1] |
Duration of interruption after biopsy, hours | 2 [0.7–24] |
Laboratory value before biopsy | |
Platelet count, G/L | 95 [64–160] |
APPT ratio | 1.5 [1.2–1.8] |
Prothrombin time, % | 65 [53–75] |
Transfusion before biopsy | |
Platelets | 12 (25) |
Fresh frozen plasma | 7 (15) |
Complication after biopsy | |
Endomyocardial biopsy | n = 17 |
Tamponade | 5 (29) |
Bedside pericardial drainage | 5 (100) |
Surgical drainage | 2 (40) |
Surgical biopsy | n = 30 |
Tamponade | 3 (10) |
Surgical revisiona | 7 (23) |
Biopsy-related mortality | 1 (6) |