Fig. 2

Respiratory drive and inspiratory effort variables during partial support ventilation modes. Compared with PSV, patients during proportional modes (NAVA and PAV +) presented a higher pressure–time product [PTP] per minute (panel A), a higher delta P_es at the first 100 ms from the onset of inspiration [ΔP_{es 100 ms}] (panel B), and a higher PTP during the first 300 ms [PTP_300ms] (panel C) (*p < 0,05; ^†p < 0,001; and, ^‡p < 0,0001 all compared with PSV)