Right ventricular injury in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS eligible for ECMO support: a multicenter retrospective study

Petit, Matthieu; Bouaoud, Misylias; Jullien, Edouard; Joseph, Adrien; Evrard, Bruno; Charron, Cyril; Daulasim, Anousone; Legras, Annick; Gourraud, Maeva; Goudelin, Marine; Vignon, Philippe; Vieillard-Baron, Antoine

doi:10.1186/s13613-024-01256-8

Annals of Intensive Care

Table 3 Characteristics of the 265 patients included in the subgroup analysis according to their subgroups

From: Right ventricular injury in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS eligible for ECMO support: a multicenter retrospective study

Variable	EOLIA−n = 107	EOLIA + RVI−n = 126	EOLIA + RVI + n = 32	p
Baseline characteristics
Sex (male), n (%)	71 (66.4)	92 (73.0)	25 (78.1)	0.340
Age (years)	69 [60, 73]	68 [60, 72]	69 [61, 74]	0.662
Body mass index (kg/m²)	28.00 [25.00, 33.00]	30.71 [26.52, 35.21]	31.42 [27.92, 33.41]	0.009
SOFA score at admission	4 [3, 5]	4 [3, 5]	4 [4, 5]	0.652
SAPS II	36 [29, 42]	40 [35, 47]	36 [31, 41]	0.001
Chronic respiratory failure, n (%)	3 (2.8)	5 (4.0)	1 (3.1)	0.884
Immunosuppression, n (%)	22 (20.6)	18 (14.3)	1 (3.1)	0.050
ICU admission to intubation (days)	1 [0, 3]	1 [0, 2]	2 [1, 4]	0.156
Intubation to compliance with EOLIA criteria or worst PaO₂/FiO₂ (days)	1 [0, 2]	2 [0,4]	2 [1, 4]	0.002
Use of prone positioning (%)	76 (71)	105 (83)	26 (81)	0.069
Respiratory parameters
PaO₂/FiO₂ (mmHg)	100 [91, 115]	59 [51, 70]	59 [44, 69]	< 0.001
PaCO₂ (mmHg)	48 [43, 55]	54 [46, 64]	60 [52, 76]	< 0.001
pH	7.36 [7.30, 7.41]	7.31 [7.25, 7.36]	7.25 [7.21, 7.33]	< 0.001
Plateau pressure (cmH₂O)	27 [23, 30]	27 [24, 29]	28 [25, 30]	0.484
PEEP (cmH₂O)	12 [10, 14]	10 [7, 12]	9 [7, 12]	< 0.001
Driving pressure (cmH₂O)	14 [12, 18]	17 [15, 20]	18 [14, 22]	< 0.001
Respiratory rate (cycle/min)	30 [25, 32]	26 [22, 30]	30 [26, 34]	0.001
Echocardiographic findings
Shock (%)^a	29	46	11	0.471
LVEF (%)	59 [50, 65]	60 [52, 66]	62 [55, 65]	0.522
LVOT VTI (cm)	20 [16, 24]	21 [18, 24]	18 [15, 25]	0.177
RVEDA/LVEDA	0.74 [0.60, 0.85]	0.70 [0.58, 0.81]	1.00 [0.93, 1.18]	< 0.001
RV fractional area change (%)	44 [36, 51]	43 [34, 48]	36 [26, 43]	0.007
Pulmonary acceleration time (ms)	91 [72, 109]	83 [60, 100]	69 [50, 80]	< 0.001
Paradoxical septal motion, n (%)	40 (37.7)	21 (17.4)	32 (100.0)	< 0.001

Patients with ECMO (n = 18) were excluded from the analysis
Categorical variables are expressed as number (%) and continuous variables as median [interquartile range]
SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, SAPS II Simplified Acute Physiology Score, PEEP Positive End-Expiratory Pressure, LVEF Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, LVOT VTI Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Velocity–Time Integral, RVEDA Right Ventricular End-Diastolic Area, LVEDA Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Area
^aShock was defined by the need of norepinephrine infusion

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