Table 1 Selection of previous works on detecting and evaluating patient–ventilator asynchrony

Chao et al. (1997) [1]

\(\dot{V}\), \(P_{\textrm{aw}}\), \(P_{\textrm{es}}\)

Manual classification of ineffective efforts

Parthasarathy et al. (2000) [5]

\(\dot{V}\), \(P_{\textrm{es}}\), \(P_{\textrm{di}}\), (\(\mathrm {EA_{di}}\))

Manual segmentation of patient effort

Thille et al. (2006) [2]

\(\dot{V}\), \(P_{\textrm{aw}}\)

Manual classification of trigger asynchrony events

Mulqueeny et al. (2007) [6]

\(\dot{V}\), \(P_{\textrm{aw}}\), (\(P_{\textrm{di}}\))

Automated detection of ineffective and double triggering

Vignaux et al. (2009) [4]

\(\dot{V}\), \(P_{\textrm{aw}}\), \(\mathrm {sEMG_{di}}\)

Manual classification of asynchrony events

Piquilloud et al. (2011) [7]

\(\dot{V}\), \(P_{\textrm{aw}}\), \(\mathrm {EA_{di}}\)

Manual classification of asynchrony events

Colombo et al. (2011) [11]

\(\dot{V}\), \(P_{\textrm{aw}}\), (\(\mathrm {EA_{di}}\))

Manual classification of asynchrony events

Carteaux et al. (2012) [15]

\(\dot{V}\), \(P_{\textrm{aw}}\), \(\mathrm {sEMG_{di}}\), \(\textrm{sEMG}\) of neck muscles

Manual classification of asynchrony events

Sinderby et al. (2013) [13]

\(P_{\textrm{aw}}\), \(\mathrm {EA_{di}}\)

Manual and automated segmentation of inspirations and classification of minor and major asynchrony events

Ramsay et al. (2015) [8]

\(P_{\textrm{aw}}\), \(\mathrm {sEMG_{ic}}\), RIP of chest wall and abdomen

Manual classification of asynchrony events

Garcia-Castellote et al. (2017) [16]

\(\dot{V}\), \(P_{\textrm{di}}\), invasive \(\mathrm {EMG_{di}}\), \(\mathrm {L_{di}}\)

Manual and automated segmentation of patient effort

Duiverman et al. (2017) [9]

\(P_{\textrm{aw}}\), \(\mathrm {sEMG_{di}}\), \(\mathrm {sEMG_{ic}}\), \(\textrm{sEMG}\) of scalene muscles

Manual classification asynchrony events

Estrada et al. (2018) [18]

\(\dot{V}\), \(\mathrm {sEMG_{di}}\)

Automated segmentation of patient effort

Koopman et al. (2018) [14]

\(P_{\textrm{aw}}\), \(\mathrm {sEMG_{di}}\)

Manual and automated segmentation of patient effort

Mojoli et al. (2022) [10]

\(\dot{V}\), \(P_{\textrm{aw}}\), (\(P_{\textrm{es}}\))

Manual segmentation of patient effort and classification of asynchrony events

Bakkes et al. (2023) [12]

\(\dot{V}\), \(P_{\textrm{aw}}\), (\(P_{\textrm{es}}\))

Automated segmentation of patient effort and classification of asynchrony events

Telias et al. (2023) [17]

\(P_{\textrm{es}}\), \(P_{\textrm{aw}}\), \(\dot{V}\)

Automated segmentation of patient effort and classification of asynchrony events