Long-stay ICU patients with frailty: mortality and recovery outcomes at 6 months

Annals of Intensive Care

Table 3 Six-Month Outcomes after ICU Admission in Surviving Patients

n = 192	CFS 1–2 N = 72	CFS 3–4 N = 69	CFS ≥ 5 N = 51	p
Physical outcomes at 6 months
Physically active before ICU, n (%)¹	49 (73.1%)	33 (50%)	28 (57.1%)	0.02
Walking aids at 6 months, n (%)	8 (11.1%)	24 (34.8%)	11 (21.6%)	< 0.01
Barthel index, median (IQR)²	100 (100–100)	100 (92–100)	100 (95–100)	0.05
Psychological outcomes at 6 months
Any mood disorder, n (%)³	34 (52.3%)	27 (45.8%)	21 (46.7%)	0.7
HADS-A, median (IQR)⁴	5 (3–8)	4 (3–6)	5 (3–10)	0.2
Anxiety defined by HADS ≥ 8, n (%)⁴	18 (29%)	11 (19%)	17 (37.8%)	0.1
HADS-D, median (IQR)⁴	4 (2–7)	4 (2–7)	4 (2–8)	0.6
Depression defined by HADS ≥ 8, n (%)⁴	15 (24.2%)	14 (24.1%)	13 (28.9%)	0.8
IES-R score, median (IQR)⁵	16 (7–33)	14 (4–28)	10 (4–28)	0.3
PTSD defined by IES-R ≥ 30, n (%)⁵	21 (31.3%)	16 (25%)	10 (22.2%)	0.5
Cognitive outcome at 6 months
MMSE (points), median (IQR)⁶	29 (26–30)	29 (27–30)	28 (26–29)	0.2
Health-related quality of life assessment at 6 months
Mental health-related quality of life (SF-12), median (IQR)⁷	48.5 (40–55.9)	47.7 (38.6–56.6)	47.6 (39.8–56.1)	0.9
Physical health-related quality of life (SF-12), median (IQR)⁷	40.1 (32.9–47)	37.1 (30.5–43.8)	35 (30.8–43.1)	0.058
Resource utilization
Need of nursing help at home, n (%)	17 (23.6%)	28 (40.6%)	27 (52.9%)	< 0.01
Psychological follow-up, n (%)	16 (22.2%)	14 (20.3%)	6 (11.8%)	0.3
Readmission between hospital leave and consultation, n (%)	17 (23.6%)	23 (33.3%)	17 (33.3%)	0.3

Definition of abbreviations: HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS-A: refers to the anxiety component of HADS, HADS-D: refers to the depression components of HADS, PTSD: post-traumatic stress disorders, IES-R: Impact of Event Scale-Revised, MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination, SF-12: Short Form Health Survey 12-items
Results reported as n (%) for categorical variables and median (IQR) for continuous variables
Missing data: ¹8 (5 CFS 1–2, 1 CFS 3–4, 2 CFS ≥ 5),²13 (5 CFS 1–2, 1 CFS 3–4, 7 CFS ≥ 5), ³21 missing (7 CFS 1–2, 8 CFS 3–4, 6 CFS ≥ 5), ⁴26 missing data (10 CFS 1–2, 10 CFS 3–4, 6 CFS ≥ 5), ⁵15 missing data (5 CFS 1–2, 4 CFS 3–4, 6 CFS ≥ 5), ⁶22 missing data (5 CFS 1–2, 9 CFS 3–4, 8 CFS ≥ 5), ⁷20 missing data (7 CFS 1–2, 7 CFS 3–4, 6 CFS ≥ 5)