Table 1 Biomarkers of gastrointestinal barrier integrity
From: Gut barrier dysfunction and the risk of ICU-acquired bacteremia- a case–control study
Source | Marker | Clinical relevance | Behavior in Gut Injury |
|---|---|---|---|
Plasma | I-FABP | • Marker of enterocyte damage • Released in enterocyte membrane rupture and enterocyte necrosis | ↑ |
Plasma | Citrulline | • Marker of functional enterocyte mass • High positive relationship with functional length of small bowel | ↓ |
Plasma | TFF3 | • Secreted mainly by goblet cells throughout small and large intestine • Important role in gastrointestinal defence and repair, as well as in the maintenance of the integrity of the intestinal barrier • Rapidly up-regulated at the margins of mucosal injury → reflective of intestinal epithelial damage | ↑ |
Clinical records | GIF-score | • Clinical score: 0- Normal gastrointestinal function 1- Enteral feeding < 50% of calculated needs or no feeding 3 days after abdominal surgery 2- Food intolerance or intra-abdominal hypertension 3- Food intolerance and IAH 4- Abdominal compartment syndrome | ↑ |