Table 1 Patient characteristics

13,326

1,100 (8.3)

12,226 (91.7)

Demographics

Male, n (%)

8,536 (64.1)

677 (61.5)

7,859 (64.3)

0.070

Age [years], median (IQR)

65 (53–74)

67 (56–74)

64 (53–73)

< 0.001

Past medical history

History of CKD, n (%)

2,955 (22.2)

400 (36.4)

2,555 (20.9)

< 0.001

History of chronic liver disease, n (%)

1,594 (12.0)

218 (19.8)

1,376 (11.3)

< 0.001

History of cancer, n (%)

2,382 (17.9)

175 (15.9)

2,207 (18.1)

0.076

History of immune deficiency, n (%)

1,282 (9.6)

183 (16.6)

1,099 (9.0)

< 0.001

ICU stay

APACHE II *, mean (Standard-Error)

15.30 (0.09)

20.30 (0.34)

14.85 (0.09)

< 0.001

Planned admission, n (%)

5,720 (42.9)

530 (48.2)

5,190 (42.5)

< 0.001

Creatinine at admission [µmol/ml] *, mean (Standard-Error)

112.70 (0.96)

155.94 (5.39)

108.81 (0.92)

< 0.001

Lactate levels at admission [mmol/l] *, mean (Standard-Error)

1.93 (0.01)

3.31 (0.08)

1.80 (0.01)

< 0.001

Vasopressors at admission, n (%)

383 (2.9)

63 (5.7)

320 (2.6)

< 0.001

Mechanical ventilation at admission, n (%)

4,070 (30.6)

555 (50.5)

3,515 (28.8)

< 0.001