Table 4 Uni- and multivariable analyses of factor associated with VAP recurrence, taking into account death and extubation as competing events (Fine and Gray competitive risk analysis)
From: Recurrent ventilator-associated pneumonia in severe Covid-19 ARDS patients requiring ECMO support
Variables | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
Age > 51 years | 0.94 (0.71–1.25) | 0.7 | ||
Female sex | 1.13 (0.83–1.53) | 0.5 | ||
Body mass index > 32 kg/m2 | 0.91 (0.68–1.21 | 0.5 | ||
Immunocompromised | 1.10 (0.57–2.12) | 0.8 | ||
Diabete | 1.12 (0.82–1.53) | 0.5 | ||
Chronic lung disease | 0.92 (0.62–1.36) | 0.7 | ||
Admission SAPS II score > 61 | 1.04 (0.78–1.38) | 0.8 | ||
Delta variant responsible for Covid-19 | 1.25 (0.92–1.71) | 0.2 | ||
Dexamethasone use | 1.00 (0.70–1.41) | 0.9 | ||
Tocilizumab use | 1.86 (1.12–3.08) | 0.02 | 1.45 (0.76–2.77) | 0.3 |
Glucorticoids use > 40 mg/day | 1.16 (0.73–1.84) | 0.5 | ||
Prone positionning during_ECMO | 1.75 (1.17–2.62) | 0.006 | 1.74 (1.17–2.60) | 0.006 |
Need for renal replacement therapy | 1.05 (0.79–1.40) | 0.7 | ||
Pseudomonas aeruginosa responsible for VAP | 1.74 (1.25–2.42) | 0.001 | 1.74 (1.17–2.60) | 0.006 |
Polymicrobial_VAP | 1.04 (0.77–1.40) | 0.8 | ||
Adequate initial antimicrobial treatment | 1.06 (0.62–1.80) | 0.8 | ||
Empirical treatment including an aminoglycosides | 0.85 (0.62–1.18) | 0.3 | ||
Empirical treatment including an anti-MRSA agent | 0.85 (0.51–1.40) | 0.5 | ||
Combination therapy for definitive treatment | 1.21 (0.63–2.31) | 0.6 | ||
Treatment of first episode < 8 days* | 1.07 (0.81–1.42) | 0.6 | 0.25 (0.04–1.72) | 0.2 |
Propensity score on factors associated with treatment < 8 days | 0.21 (0.05–0.86) | 0.03 | 1.22 (0.91–1.63) | 0.2 |