Long-term outcomes in patients who received veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and renal replacement therapy: a retrospective cohort study

Annals of Intensive Care

Table 4 Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios of the association between clinical characteristics and 1-year mortality

Characteristic	Univariate analysis			Multivariable model^a
Characteristic	Hazard ratio	95% CI	P-value	Adjusted hazard ratio	95% CI	P-value
AKI/RRT group
No AKI	1 (reference)	–	–	1 (reference)
AKI without RRT	0.57	0.22, 1.46	0.241	1 (reference)
AKI with RRT	2.01	1.15, 3.51	0.014	1.80	1.06, 3.06	0.029
Age (per 5 years)	1.10	1.01, 1.19	0.022	1.06	0.98, 1.15	0.171
Female sex	1.00	0.64, 1.56	0.988
BMI (per kg/m²)	0.98	0.95, 1.02	0.335
Chronic liver disease	3.71	1.61, 8.55	0.002	4.36	1.83, 10.4	< 0.001
Malignancy	5.98	3.15, 11.4	< 0.001	7.68	3.95, 14.9	< 0.001
SOFA score on admission	1.08	1.02, 1.14	0.009*
Diabetes	1.41	0.78, 2.56	0.253
Hypertension	1.28	0.74, 2.21	0.384
Congestive heart failure	0.41	0.06, 2.92	0.371
CKD	0.50	0.07, 3.56	0.485
Coronary artery disease	1.42	0.45, 4.50	0.551
Atrial fibrillation	1.90	0.47,7.73	0.371
Cerebrovascular accidents	1.23	0.30, 5.02	0.770
Chronic lung disease	0.71	0.40, 1.25	0.232
Infectious vs. non-infectious aetiology	0.85	0.53, 1.37	0.503	0.62	0.38, 1.01	0.054
Baseline serum albumin on admission (per 10 g/L)	0.57	0.35, 0.91	0.018	0.55	0.32, 0.95	0.031

RRT renal replacement therapy, BMI body mass index, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, CKD chronic kidney disease, ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval
*SOFA score not selected for multivariable analysis due to the collinearity with RRT status
^aMultivariable model includes RRT status (as a time-dependent covariate), age, chronic liver disease, malignancy, infectious vs. non-infectious aetiology and baseline serum albumin