Mortality Analyses. Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/data/mortality.
Siddiqi HK, Mehra MR. COVID-19 illness in native and immunosuppressed states: a clinical–therapeutic staging proposal. J Heart Lung Transpl. 2020;39(5):405–7.
Article
Google Scholar
Guan W, Ni Z, Hu Y, Liang W, Ou C, He J, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(18):1708–20.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Neeper M, Schmidt AM, Brett J, Yan SD, Wang F, Pan YC, et al. Cloning and expression of a cell surface receptor for advanced glycosylation end products of proteins. J Biol Chem. 1992;267(21):14998–5004.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hudson B, Lippman M. Targeting RAGE signaling in inflammatory disease. Annu Rev Med. 2018;18:69.
Google Scholar
Schmidt AM, Yan SD, Yan SF, Stern DM. The biology of the receptor for advanced glycation end products and its ligands. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000;1498(2):99–111.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Shirasawa M, Fujiwara N, Hirabayashi S, Ohno H, Iida J, Makita K, et al. Receptor for advanced glycation end-products is a marker of type I lung alveolar cells. Genes Cells. 2004;9(2):165–74.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Katsuoka F, Kawakami Y, Arai T, Imuta H, Fujiwara M, Kanma H, et al. Type II alveolar epithelial cells in lung express receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997;238(2):512–6.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yonekura H, Yamamoto Y, Sakurai S, Petrova RG, Abedin MJ, Li H, et al. Novel splice variants of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products expressed in human vascular endothelial cells and pericytes, and their putative roles in diabetes-induced vascular injury. Biochem J. 2003;370(Pt 3):1097–109.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Raucci A, Cugusi S, Antonelli A, Barabino SM, Monti L, Bierhaus A, et al. A soluble form of the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is produced by proteolytic cleavage of the membrane-bound form by the sheddase a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10). FASEB J. 2008;22(10):3716–27.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ramasamy R, Yan SF, Schmidt AM. RAGE: therapeutic target and biomarker of the inflammatory response—the evidence mounts. J Leukoc Biol. 2009;86(3):505–12.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Uchida T, Shirasawa M, Ware LB, Kojima K, Hata Y, Makita K, et al. Receptor for advanced glycation end-products is a marker of type I cell injury in acute lung injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006;173(9):1008–15.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Jabaudon M, Berthelin P, Pranal T, Roszyk L, Godet T, Faure J-S, et al. Receptor for advanced glycation end-products and ARDS prediction: a multicentre observational study. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):2603.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Kerkeni M, Gharbi J. RAGE receptor: may be a potential inflammatory mediator for SARS-COV-2 infection? Med Hypotheses. 2020;144:109950.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Rojas A, Gonzalez I, Morales MA. SARS-CoV-2-mediated inflammatory response in lungs: should we look at RAGE? Inflamm Res. 2020;69(7):641–3.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Marshall JC, Murthy S, Diaz J, Adhikari NK, Angus DC, Arabi YM, et al. A minimal common outcome measure set for COVID-19 clinical research. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(8):e192–7.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
WMA—The World Medical Association-WMA Declaration of Helsinki—ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/.
Corman VM, Landt O, Kaiser M, Molenkamp R, Meijer A, Chu DK, et al. Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR. Eurosurveillance. 2020;25(3):2000045.
Article
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, Shankar-Hari M, Annane D, Bauer M, et al. The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016;315(8):801–10.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
ARDS Definition Task Force, Ranieri VM, Rubenfeld GD, Thompson BT, Ferguson ND, Caldwell E, et al. Acute respiratory distress syndrome: the Berlin Definition. JAMA. 2012;307(23):2526–33.
Google Scholar
Fawcett T. An introduction to ROC analysis. Pattern Recognit Lett. 2006;27(8):861–74.
Article
Google Scholar
Youden WJ. Index for rating diagnostic tests. Cancer. 1950;3(1):32–5.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lemeshow S, Hosmer DW. A review of goodness of fit statistics for use in the development of logistic regression models. Am J Epidemiol. 1982;115(1):92–106.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Shi Y, Yu X, Zhao H, Wang H, Zhao R, Sheng J. Host susceptibility to severe COVID-19 and establishment of a host risk score: findings of 487 cases outside Wuhan. Crit Care. 2020;24(1):108.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Yang J, Zheng Y, Gou X, Pu K, Chen Z, Guo Q, et al. Prevalence of comorbidities and its effects in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;94:91–5.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Liu S, Yao N, Qiu Y, He C. Predictive performance of SOFA and qSOFA for in-hospital mortality in severe novel coronavirus disease. Am J Emerg Med. 2020;38(10):2074–80.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kaplan EL, Meier P. Nonparametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations. J Am Stat Assoc. 1958;53(282):457–81.
Article
Google Scholar
van Zoelen MAD, van der Sluijs KF, Achouiti A, Florquin S, Braun-Pater JM, Yang H, et al. Receptor for advanced glycation end products is detrimental during influenza A virus pneumonia. Virology. 2009;391(2):265–73.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Narvaez-Rivera RM, Rendon A, Salinas-Carmona MC, Rosas-Taraco AG. Soluble RAGE as a severity marker in community acquired pneumonia associated sepsis. BMC Infect Dis. 2012;12(1):15.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Bopp C, Hofer S, Weitz J, Bierhaus A, Nawroth PP, Martin E, et al. sRAGE is elevated in septic patients and associated with patients outcome. J Surg Res. 2008;147(1):79–83.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Calfee CS, Ware LB, Eisner MD, Parsons PE, Thompson BT, Wickersham N, et al. Plasma receptor for advanced glycation end products and clinical outcomes in acute lung injury. Thorax. 2008;63(12):1083–9.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gu W, Xu Z, Qi F, Sang Z, Wang C, Li F. Plasma levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2014;7(12):5558–62.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Jabaudon M, Blondonnet R, Roszyk L, Bouvier D, Audard J, Clairefond G, et al. Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products predicts impaired alveolar fluid clearance in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015;192(2):191–9.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mukherjee TK, Mukhopadhyay S, Hoidal JR. Implication of receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) in pulmonary health and pathophysiology. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2008;162(3):210–5.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Spadaro S, Fogagnolo A, Campo G, Zucchetti O, Verri M, Ottaviani I, et al. Markers of endothelial and epithelial pulmonary injury in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ICU patients. Crit Care Lond Engl. 2021;25(1):74.
Article
Google Scholar
Calfee CS, Budev MM, Matthay MA, Church G, Brady S, Uchida T, et al. Plasma receptor for advanced glycation endproducts predicts duration of ICU stay and mechanical ventilation in patients following lung transplantation. J Heart Lung Transpl. 2007;26(7):675–80.
Article
Google Scholar
Dozio E, Sitzia C, Pistelli L, Cardani R, Rigolini R, Ranucci M, et al. Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products and its forms in COVID-19 patients with and without diabetes mellitus: a pilot study on their role as disease biomarkers. J Clin Med. 2020;9(11):3785.
Article
CAS
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Yalcin Kehribar D, Cihangiroglu M, Sehmen E, Avci B, Capraz A, Yildirim Bilgin A, et al. The receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) pathway in COVID-19. Biomark Biochem Indic Expo Response Susceptibility Chem. 2021;13:1–5.
Google Scholar
Bellani G, Laffey JG, Pham T, Fan E, Brochard L, Esteban A, et al. Epidemiology, patterns of care, and mortality for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome in intensive care units in 50 countries. JAMA. 2016;315(8):788.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yadav H, Thompson BT, Gajic O. Fifty years of research in ARDS. Is acute respiratory distress syndrome a preventable disease? Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2016;195(6):725–36.
Article
Google Scholar
Guan W, Liu J, Yu C. CT findings of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) severe pneumonia. Am J Roentgenol. 2020;214(5):W85–6.
Article
Google Scholar
Jabaudon M, Blondonnet R, Roszyk L, Pereira B, Guérin R, Perbet S, et al. Soluble forms and ligands of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: an observational prospective study. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(8):e0135857.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Jabaudon M, Futier E, Roszyk L, Chalus E, Guerin R, Petit A, et al. Soluble form of the receptor for advanced glycation end products is a marker of acute lung injury but not of severe sepsis in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med. 2011;39(3):480–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mrozek S, Jabaudon M, Jaber S, Paugam-Burtz C, Lefrant J-Y, Rouby J-J, et al. Elevated plasma levels of sRAGE are associated with non-focal CT-based lung imaging in patients with ARDS: a prospective multicenter study. Chest. 2016;150:998–1007.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gao Y, Li T, Han M, Li X, Wu D, Xu Y, et al. Diagnostic utility of clinical laboratory data determinations for patients with the severe COVID-19. J Med Virol. 2020;92(7):791–6.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wang C, Deng R, Gou L, Fu Z, Zhang X, Shao F, et al. Preliminary study to identify severe from moderate cases of COVID-19 using combined hematology parameters. Ann Transl Med. 2020;8(9):593.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Fan G, Tu C, Zhou F, Liu Z, Wang Y, Song B, et al. Comparison of severity scores for COVID-19 patients with pneumonia: a retrospective study. Eur Respir J. 2020;56(3):2002113.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Berezin L, Zhabokritsky A, Andany N, Chan AK, Gershon A, Lam PW, et al. The diagnostic accuracy of subjective dyspnea in detecting hypoxemia among outpatients with COVID-19. medRxiv. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.10.20172262.
Article
Google Scholar
Brouqui P, Amrane S, Million M, Cortaredona S, Parola P, Lagier J-C, et al. Asymptomatic hypoxia in COVID-19 is associated with poor outcome. Int J Infect Dis. 2021;1(102):233–8.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
van Zoelen MAD, Achouiti A, van der Poll T. The role of receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) in infection. In: Vincent J-L, editor. Annual update in intensive care and emergency medicine 2011. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. p. 3–15.
Chapter
Google Scholar
Miller AL, Sims GP, Brewah YA, Rebelatto MC, Kearley J, Benjamin E, et al. Opposing roles of membrane and soluble forms of the receptor for advanced glycation end products in primary respiratory syncytial virus infection. J Infect Dis. 2012;205(8):1311–20.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Blondonnet R, Audard J, Belville C, Clairefond G, Lutz J, Bouvier D, et al. RAGE inhibition reduces acute lung injury in mice. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):7208.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Miesbach W. Pathological role of angiotensin II in severe COVID-19. TH Open. 2020;04(2):e138–44.
Article
Google Scholar