JT performed the laboratory analyses and the statistical analyses, interpreted the data and drafted and finalised the manuscript. STV participated in the design and data gathering of the study and assisted with data interpretation. JF coordinated the laboratory analyses and revised the manuscript critically. MP was an investigator of the FINNAKI study focusing on septic AKI. VP was a major contributor in the design of this study and was the principal investigator of the FINNAKI study. AL is the archival author and coordinator of the study. All the FINNAKI investigators (The FINNAKI study group) participated in the design and data collection of FINNAKI. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Acknowledgements
Thank you to Sebastian Drejier for making the illustration, thank you to Jonas Björk and Anna Åkesson for guidance on statistical analyses, thank you to Niklas Nielsen for invariably sound advice and thank you to the FINNAKI Study Group: Central Finland Central Hospital: Raili Laru-Sompa, Anni Pulkkinen, Minna Saarelainen, Mikko Reilama, Sinikka Tolmunen, Ulla Rantalainen, Marja Miettinen East Savo Central Hospital: Markku Suvela, Katrine Pesola, Pekka Saastamoinen, Sirpa Kauppinen Helsinki University Hospital: Ville Pettilä, Kirsi-Maija Kaukonen, Anna-Maija Korhonen, Sara Nisula, Suvi Vaara, Raili Suojaranta-Ylinen, Leena Mildh, Mikko Haapio, Laura Nurminen, Sari Sutinen, Leena Pettilä, Helinä Laitinen, Heidi Syrjä, Kirsi Henttonen, Elina Lappi, Hillevi Boman Jorvi Central Hospital: Tero Varpula, Päivi Porkka, Mirka Sivula, Mira Rahkonen, Anne Tsurkka, Taina Nieminen, Niina Pirttinen Kanta-Häme Central hospital: Ari Alaspää, Ville Salanto, Hanna Juntunen, Teija Sanisalo Kuopio University Hospital: Ilkka Parviainen, Ari Uusaro, Esko Ruokonen, Stepani Bendel, Niina Rissanen, Maarit Lång, Sari Rahikainen, Saija Rissanen, Merja Ahonen, Elina Halonen, Eija Vaskelainen Lapland Central Hospital: Meri Poukkanen, Esa Lintula, Sirpa Suominen Länsi-Pohja Central Hospital: Jorma Heikkinen, Timo Lavander, Kirsi Heinonen, Anne-Mari Juopperi Middle Ostrobothnia Central Hospital: Tadeusz Kaminski, Fiia Gäddnäs, Tuija Kuusela, Jane Roiko North Karelia Central Hospital: Sari Karlsson, Matti Reinikainen, Tero Surakka, Helena Jyrkönen, Tanja Eiserbeck, Jaana Kallinen Oulu University Hospital: Tero Ala-Kokko, Jouko Laurila, Sinikka Sälkiö Satakunta Hospital District: Vesa Lund, Päivi Tuominen, Pauliina Perkola, Riikka Tuominen, Marika Hietaranta, Satu Johansson South Karelia Central Hospital: Seppo Hovilehto, Anne Kirsi, Pekka Tiainen, Tuija Myllärinen, Pirjo Leino, Anne Toropainen Tampere University Hospital: Anne Kuitunen, Jyrki Tenhunen, Ilona Leppänen, Markus Levoranta, Sanna Hoppu, Jukka Sauranen, Atte Kukkurainen, Samuli Kortelainen, Simo Varila Turku University Hospital: Outi Inkinen, Niina Koivuviita, Jutta Kotamäki, Anu Laine Vaasa Central Hospital: Simo-Pekka Koivisto, Raku Hautamäki, Maria Skinnar.
Competing interests
AL is listed as an inventor on a pending patent application on the use of HBP as a diagnostic tool in sepsis. The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Availability of data and materials
The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
Ethics approval and consent to participate
The Ethics Committee of the Department of Surgery, Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District approved the study protocol and inclusion of participants for all centres involved as well as the use of deferred consent (Reference Number 18/13/03/02/2010). Each participant or his/her proxy gave written informed consent to participate in the study.
Funding
JT has received grants from the Thelma Zoégas Foundation for medical research (91282) and from the Swedish Government Research Grant (ALF). STV has received grants from the Instrumentarium Science Foundation and the Sigrid Juselius Foundation. The FINNAKI study was funded by Juselius Foundation (VP), Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation (VP) and Helsinki University Hospital Grants (TYH 2010109/2011210, T102010070, TYH 2013343 and 2016243). AL has received grants from the Swedish Government Research Grant (ALF), Svenska Läkaresällskapet, Clas Groschinsky’s foundation, Wilhelm and Martina Lundgren’s foundation, Alfred Österlunds foundation and Åke Wiberg foundation. Axis-Shield Diagnostics (Dundee, UK) provided the HBP ELISA kits but where otherwise not involved in the design of the study, collection of materials, interpretation of data or writing of the manuscript.
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